On July 8, China National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) released the Administrative Rules on Vaccine Manufacture and Distribution (hereafter referred to as the Rules) with immediate effect. According to the Rules, China adopts marketing authorization holder (MAH) system for vaccines. MAHs shall take the primary responsibilities for vaccine\’s safety, efficacy, and quality controllability, and manage the manufacture and distribution of vaccines after obtaining marketing authorization.1 The Rules applies to the vaccine\’s manufacture, distribution, and supervision in China. Since overseas companies cannot entrust vaccine production activities to Chinese manufacturers, the manufacturing requirements in the Rules only apply to Chinese MAHs. As for vaccine distribution, overseas MAHs should obey the following requirements: The Sales of Vaccines 1. Overseas MAHs shall sell vaccines to disease prevention & control institutions as per purchase contracts. In principle, for one type of vaccines, overseas MAHs shall appoint only one drug supplier company to sell them. The supplier should be fully capable of ensuring the vaccine\’s quality with…