On 13 March 2013, the Ministry of Health (MOH) issued the 2012 version of the National Essential Drug List (NEDL), which will come into effect on May 1st this year. Updated every three years, the latest 2012 version covers a total of 520 medicines, consisting of 317 chemical medicines and biological products and 203 Chinese patent medicines. Compared with the 2009 version, the main changes are as below: >>The number of essential drugs increased, with 213 additions to the list. Nearly 200 of the total 520 essential drugs are drugs used in pediatric medicine, including all the vaccines used on children in the national immunization scheme. >>The NDEL structure has been optimized, a new category of antitumor drug is supplemented to meet healthcare needs. >>The drug delivery methods (e.g. pill, powder,cream, ointment,etc.) and dosing protocols have been standardized to promote national uniformity on pricing, bidding, purchasing and monitoring of drugs. 213…